Money and Staff Retention :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework Essays

Doward (Guardian 2001) states â€Å"Sotheby’s having registered $178m of losses this year are spending $40m in a bid to retain key Heads of staff†. It might pay Sotheby’s to understand McGregor’s Theories X, Y and Schein`s Social theory as essential when looking for ways to motivate and retain staff. Theory X used financial rewards and punishments for untrustworthy employees involving company policy. Theory Y sees staff needing â€Å"care, independence, self-development and creative work, for company success.†(Cooper`1998). Schein`s social interaction helped staff â€Å"to obtain a sense of identity and belonging, wanting to be seen as meeting work expectations not merely receiving financial rewards†. Theory X relates more to Taylorism, whilst Theory Y/Social ideas follow Maslow`s idea of Self-Actualisation. Holden(1997)states â€Å" HR Manager’s must be able to forecast, plan, organise, monitor, motivate and control effectively †. Jane Wibberley (Senior Personnel Manager Marks & Spencer Southampton) believed in a mixture of Reward Management, Work Appraisal, Management Development and Security. Today’s Human Resource Manager will need to obtain commitment and recognition whilst offering reward and re-enforcement using recognised Employment regulations. Kizer`s (1987) Executive Stress Alleviators (e.g. Wellness Programmes)must be observed for commitment purposes. As to how managers retain key staff, local interviews from Marks&Spencer, Paris, Smith&Randall and Southampton Institute will reinforce that Hard HRM financial reward Practices are not the only way to keep key staff. Taylor`s rational-economic needs initiated the debate as to financial rewards being the sole motivator for staff along with Fordism. Contrary to this Maslow looked to Human requirement of interesting work being at the top of Hierarchical Needs Pyramid (i.e. Self Actualisation) with pay at the lowest. Bennett (1981) looked at motivation and commitment â€Å"as a mixture of Economic rewards, intrinsic satisfaction and social needs†, which Rollinson(1998) stressed â€Å"should be ongoing practices†. Makin(1996) looked beyond financial payments whilst Rose and Edmund Cadbury believed payment incentive schemes â€Å"eliminated judgement and initiative†(Statt`1994) now so vital to HRM. Mullins(1999) states, â€Å"Managers must provide challenging, creative work, unblocking workers growth needs, allowing sufficient opportunity for key workers to have more opportunities to satisfy existence and relatedness needs†, (e.g. promotion). Alderfer supported this, whilst Locke/Hertzberg looked at job enrichment. Adams(1995) believed Managers should ensure â€Å"equitable fairness amongst staff in payment and treatment as underpaid, undervalued staff have less commitment†. The majority of these studies (e.g. Hawthorne Plants 1920/30`s) involved manual staff so there relevance in retaining Executive staff is questionable.

Research Proposal Larvae Therapy

Natalie Merrier Student nurse yr Declaration of interest: I have chosen to investigate this topic as I have only worked with one patient using lave therapy treatment (contained) and was often designated the task of redressing and watering the lave, this particular gentleman did not mind the therapy and referred to the lave as â€Å"his little friends† I could not help but wonder f he wound have been so compliant if they were loose in his wound and if this would have made any difference to the healing process.Abstract: This article plans to compare the use of contained or caged maggots to those placed directly onto the wound bed itself (referred to in this research proposal as free range). All care has been taken to ensure that patient safety comes first and if at any point a healthcare professional feels that the treatment is not affective for the patient they will be excluded from the research and commenced on a more suitable or preferred treatment.I expect to find in my resu lts that free range maggots are more effective, however patient tolerance will be better with contained lave due to fear of lave escaping the dressing and sensation if overlapped onto healthy skin. Introduction Maggots, many recent articles comparing debasement versus maggot therapy. Less information available on the application of maggots and how that effects the treatment and effectiveness of the maggots ability to debris, disinfect and stimulate healing. Rotational method of free range maggots Vs.. Contained maggots in gauze or muslin bags. Validity and reliability Lit review/background â€Å"Accounts of maggots used on open wounds date back to the Old Testament. † (Bare 1931; Peachtree and Sherman 1983) Bear 1931, treated a WWW soldier on a battlefield using maggots for a femur fracture and abdominal wound. Observed that the wounds were covered in maggots, after cleaning the wounds noticed that the wound bed consisted of healthy granulating tissue. U to this he began stud ying maggots and there effect on open wounds in detail and pioneered the international treatment of skin infections with childhood fly rave in 1931 it was deemed safe, effective and economical at this time and was widely used until 1950 when antibiotics and surgical debarment therapy became more popular treatment option as suggested by; (Apothecaries Education & Research Foundation [BETTER], 2003; Fleischmann, Grabbers, & Sherman, 2004; Maggots on wounds have been used for Debarment, disinfection, stimulation of healing and billion inhabitation and eradication.Although these benefits have use particularly useful in pressure ulcer treatment and diabetic foot ulcers. As suggested y Bear (1931), Horn Cob and Gates (1976) Sherman (2002), Stevedore (2004) and -rampant (2007) Research has been conducted into the sub-species of maggots that is most effective by: REFERENCE And also research has been conducted into patient tolerance of the treatment by: REFERENCE However, less research has b een done to see if patient tolerance and containment are directly related, and the extent that containment hinders the debarment process.Sample Inclusion and exclusion: No participant's with services sepsis or gangrene and need amputation (due to the risk of patient) one of the sample group shall be diabetic as this will affect the rate of healing and cause results to be skewed. For the same reason the wounds on each patient must be about the same size and depth with equal quality of tissue (ox. CM 70% slough, for example). To keep my research fair and ethical I intend to select clients of similar age and health for a fair opportunity for contained and free ranged maggots.Due to the nature of this research in intend to select 6 patients and use 3 for each option as long as they consent and tolerate the treatment. Hypothesis/predicted results: I predict that although â€Å"free range† maggots will be more effective at debarring the wound quickly, suggested to be more effective in previous research articles Stevedore P, Jacobin CE, Osama a study conducted in the Netherlands.Wimp Fleischmann, Martin Grabbers (2004) patient preference will lie with contained or caged lava, in addition suggested that the staff applying the dressing would generally prefer the contained lava to free ranged ones. METHOD: (quantitative) statistical numerical data, comparing contained to free range goats on open wounds and infected skin tissue. (Quantitative) survey of the experience for the patient using contained or free range maggots, the combination of both meaner that I will use a triangulation method.To determine the patients feelings towards the treatment I will provide a simple questionnaire. To determine the effectiveness of the treatment itself the wounds will be measured every 2 days when the dressings are removed to give water to the maggots with a photo at start and finish helping distinguish the improvement of quality of tissue in the wound bed. Analysis Evaluation Results Ethics Patient aware of research? Know they are able to opt out of experiment at any time? F maggot treatment no longer suitable MET will recommend stopping the maggot treatment and using alternative therapy such as surgical debasement. References Bare, W. S. (1931). The treatment of chronic storytelling with the maggot (larvae of the blowfly). Journal of Bone and Joint surgery, 13, 438-475. 8. Bare WAS. Sacra-iliac Joint?arthritis deformations?viable antiseptic in chronic storytelling.

Online Shopping Marketing Research Proposal - 5166 Words

PROPOSAL Identify the critical factors that influence the online shopping pattern for consumers of Apparel products in Bangladesh. Prepared for: Md. Iftekharul Amin Lecturer Course Instructor (M609 - Market Research) Prepared by: Monamee Afroze Ishika (Roll: 119, MBA 46 D) Priyom Mozumdar (Roll: 124, MBA 46 D) Mohammad Zulqar Nayen (Roll: 126, MBA 46 D) Mir Zahidur Reza (Roll: 160, MBA 46 D) Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka April 21, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Statement of Problem: 2 Objectives of the Research: 2 Scope: 3 Methodology: 3 Quality Control Plan: 5 Literature Review 7 What is Online Shopping? 7 What influence the Consumers? : 8 Online†¦show more content†¦o To examine the relationship between website quality and online shopping activity. o To examine the relationship between consumers’ level of internet knowledge and online shopping activity. o To examine the relationship between internet advertising and online shopping activity. o To determine which of the above factors contribute most to online shopping. Scope: The scope of the research will be limited to the demographic, psychographic factors of consumers that are influencing online shopping pattern in Bangladesh. The scope of the study will also include the web site characteristics that can influence the pattern. The population of the research will be limited to urban residents who have internet access and do frequent online activities throughout the day. The sampling method, data collection technique and sample size will be selected considering time and budget constraints. Methodology: Research Design: This will be a cross-sectional descriptive research which will work with several qualitative and quantitative methods to come up with findings. While conducting this research, the team will follow systematic steps for effective execution of the work. 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